Injector fob internal-combustion engines



L. WJLOMB-ARD. INJECTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 28, IBIS.

1,349,515. Patented Aug. 10,1920.

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L. W. L OMBARD.

v INJECTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION'ENGINES.

APPLICATION HLED JULY 28,1919.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

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IIIIII liwenl'or: Levi Wliombard,

N TE LEVI O BA 'l Aif A i SACHWE T ssisivon' or ELEVEN-fl]; TWENTIETHS. TO W IL IBEItT{s -BARTLETT, ,QFQBRQOKLINE.MASSACHUSETTS. c

. J Q Q rori m'w mom ma"Em a To all whom it may 00mm p i Be it known that I, LEvrW; LoMBARD, a

and a resident of Mattapan, in the county of Suflolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Injectors for Internal- Combustion Engines,- of" which the f follow? ing is aspecification. a I p This invention relates to dev ces "fornn jecting water into the combustionchambers of internal combustion engines in order to lncrease the efficiency of said en'glnes.

The object of the invention-is to simplify the construction of devices orthischaracter and produce a simple-and effective Kinjector which may becreadily installed in an enginefi and which will be operated by the forcefof which whenever an explosion occurs in the engine will be automatically actuatedby the expansion of the gases-to inject" into" said chamber a predetermined quantity of water.-

The invention further consists in certain novel features of construct on and arrange ment of parts which will be "readily under stood by reference to the descriptlon ofthe i drawings and to the claims to be hereinaftergiven. a

For the purpose of, illustrating the 'ine vention one preferred formithere'of isillustrated in the drawings, this form having been found to give satisfactoryand, reliable and organized and the invention-.isnot results, although itis to be understood that the various instrumentalities o-f which the invention consists can be variously' arranged limited to the precise arrangement-and" or-i ganization of these -instrumentalities as herein shown and'described, :exceptwas re-fl quired by the scope of the appended claims; Of the drawings: Figure '1 representsa vertical section of a device embodying the principlesjoi 'th rpres ent invention.

' Fig. 2} represents a horinontal section on line 2. 2-, onFig. '1.-

Fig. 3 represents a horizontal; sectionion 1ine3, 3, on Fig. 1.

p Specification o f lli etters Patent. 7 Application filed m 28, 1919'. serial No. 314,345;

1111814., 4, on F ig; '1,' and citizen of the United States of. America, r

,5,-' 5, on Fig. 1.-

'thegwall of said extension 23. c

Transversely'disposed in the" chamber 24 Patented Au 10, 1920.

Fig. 4 represents a horizontal-section P 5 represents a vertical section o'nfline "Similar characters indicate like parts throughout the several figures of. the draw ings. m c c In the drawings, 10 is [a cylindrical casing,'the lower end of which is threaded and adapted. to be screwed intothe wall 11 of an internal combustion engine. 1

nall po'rtion 12 by .means of'which and a opening 13 inthewall of the engine. I j ThIS casing" l0 has a threadedbpeninghl n ve the-water s pply pipe '15 a vent extendsinto the interior of-the casing 10;

theh'ea'd or drum 19;provided with the I helicalgroove20infits periphery.

:.; Coi1ed about the head 19 and in tlie groove"120"is afcord 21 or similar flexible member 1 which is adapted to, be connected with the engine throttle whereby any move .65 The casi'ng lO is providedwitha hexago-* 1 wrench applied thereto, said casing maybe nserted into or-removed'from the threaded in the vertical wallfthereof into which [is L screwed one end'ofa water supplypipe 15," I

small casing inent.of th'ef throttle: willflimpart rotary movement to the head. @Thefcord 21 fiS Securedto the head 19 by means of a staple I T y i This rotary movement of the head 19 will 22 orsimilar securing member.

cause" the screw 18-to move endwise inthe cap'17."- I I j The lower end of'the screw18 is provided I i with. ascylindricalextension 23, the lower 'end of which has a chamber24 therein with" j openings 25 extending therefrom through isia pin26 to whichoneqend' of a spring 27 issecured, the opposite endiof said spring 27 being securedto a'valve 28 normally closin the lower endof the'chainber 24; r -gurrounding the extension23 and fitting thechamber L29 ofthe casin 10 is a piston 30 having an annularperip eral groove31 thereini fro'm which openin s 32 extend inwardly into a chamber 33 ,w1thin said pa an.

shoulder 37 thereoi in contact with the in-' wardly extending flange 38 of the casing 10.

The interior of the casing 10 is providedwithan annular groove 39 always in communicationwith the annular groove 31 in the piston 30.

The upward movement of the piston 30 is limited by the upper end of the extension 34 thereof coming into contact with the lower end 40 of the screw 48. r

The piston 30 is'provided with a-central chamber 41 from which a cylindrical passage 42 extends downwardly to the bottom thereof.

This passage 42 is normally closed by a valve 43 having a spring 44 secured thereto bymeans ot' a screw 45, the upper end of the spring 44 beingexpanded so as to rest upon the bottom ofthe pistonchamber 41.

' Thepassage 42 opens intothe combustion chamber46 above the reciprocating piston 47 of the engine. 7

Vhile the device is shown in the drawings asbeing mounted on thetop of the cylinder, it is obviousthat it may be applied equally as well to theside of said cylinder provided the passage. 42 communicates with the combustion chamber 46.

In the operation of the injector a continuoussupply of water flows into the annular chamber29 through the ports or-opening 32 into the piston chamber 33 and then through the ports or openings 25 into the inner chamber 24 of the extension 23.

The pressure of the water within the various chambers is insufficient to open either of the valves 28 and 43,tl1e springs2? and44 having. sufiicient tension to retain said valves upon their seats under all normalconditions.

The spring 36 has sufficient strength to prevent the injector piston being moved during the compression stroke of the engine piston but as soon as an explosion occurs in the combustion chamber the expansion of the gasnwill force the piston30 upwardly and the extension 23, being stationary, will enter the chamber 41 and displace the water contained therein. 7 l r This water must escape and in order to do' so it will force open the valve 43 sufliciently topermitthe water to pass from said chamber 30 into the combustion chamber 46in the will create a vacuum in the chamber 41 and the resulting suction will cause the valve 28 to open and draw into the chamber 41 a fresh supply of 'waterfrom the chamber 24 in the extension 23.

The chamber 24. will then be filled again with water entering thecasing 10 from the supply pipe 15.

The volume of the charge of water to be injected into the combustion chamber may be varied by turning the head or drum 19 and thereby adjusting the position of the shoulder 40 which limits the upward movement of the piston 30 in the chamber29.

It is obvious that when the limiting shoulder 40 is in a low position less water will be displaced in the chamber 41 than when the shoulder 40 is in a high position and the piston 30. has greater movement.

The screw 18 has a steep pitch in order that this shoulder 40 may be quickly adjusted into any desired'position.

While the cord 21 is preferably connected to the throttle, it is obvious that it may extend to any desired location accessible to the operator whereby he may vary the volume otcharge to the combustion chamber 46 while the engine is operating.

By means of the device herein shown and described a chargeof water of any desired volume may be injected into the combustion chamber of the engine at such a time as it will be most effective as for instance when the engine piston is starting on its working stroke. 7

The port 16 is provided to prevent any pressure accumulating behind the'piston 30 and thus retard its outward movement when moved in that-direction by the expansion of thegases due to the explosion in the combustion chamber 46. I I

' It is believed that the operation and many advantagesoi the invention willbe readily understood without further description.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

- 1. In adevice of the class described, a cas-' ing; a reciprocating piston thereinhaving a foo water chamber and a passage therefrom communicating with the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine a valve normally closing saidpassage; a normally stationarymember extending into said reciprocating piston and threaded to the outer endof said casing and adapted, during the outward movement of said piston, to force'the water from said piston chamber into said combustion chamber, said member being providedwith ashoulder in the path of said reciprocating piston; and'means on the outer end of said normally stationary member, for rotating: said, normally stationary member and thereby adjusting its shoulder endwiseto var-y the; movement of said reciprocating piston.

2. In a device of the class described, a casing; a reciprocating piston therein having'a water chamber and a passage therefrom communicating with the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine; a valve normally closing, said passage; a nor-- mally stationary member threaded to the outer end of said casing and provided with a cylindrical extension positioned in said reciprocating piston and adapted, during the outward movement of said piston, to force the water from said piston chamber into 1 said combustion chamber, said member having a stop shoulder to limit the movementof I said piston; a head on the outer end of said normally stationary member; and means for rotating sald head.

3. In a device of, he class described, a cas- 7 mg; a reciprocating piston therein havlng a water chamber and a passagetherefrom communicating with the combustion cham ber of an internal combustion engine; a

valve normally closing said passage; a normally stationary member threaded to the outer end of sai'd casing and provided with a cylindrical extension positionedyin saidf:

reciprocating piston and adapted, during the outward movement of said piston, to force the water from said piston chamber into said combustion chamber and said member'hav- 5 ing a stop shoulder to limit the movement of ber in its inner wall; a reciprocating piston having an annular peripheral groove always communicating with said annular chamber and provided with a water chamber communicating by lateral ports with said pe-' ripheral groove and a passage at one end communicating with the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine; a supply pipe leading to said annular chamber; 'a normally stationary member posi tioned'in-;-'a' passage in the opposite end of said piston and provided with a water reservoir; a valve normally closing the outlet from said water chamber means for limita mg the movement of said piston 1n each d1 rection; and means for returning said piston to its normal position. a a I 5."In afdevice of the class described, a casing; arnormally stationary member axi+ ally disposed in said casing and having a water reservoir therein communicating by lateral ports with water chambers surround j i ing said'memberand in turncommunicating with a water supply; a valve normally closing the outletfrom said reservoir; a piston within said casing "surrounding said stationary memberand having a water chamber and an outlet passage communicating with the combustion chamber ofan internal combustion engine; a valve normally closing said piston outlet aspring adapted to be compressed when said piston is forced .outwardlybythe explosion in said combusition chamber to permit water in'said piston chamber to be discharged therefrom and adapted subsequently to force said piston to itsnormal position and draw a fresh supply of water into said water chamber; and means controlled bythe rotation of saidnormally stationary member for varying theamount of water drawn into and discharged from said water chamber at each reciprocation of said piston. 1 i

" Si ned by me at 4 Post Oflice Square, Bosj ton, lllass this' 8th da of July, 1919.

, I 7 LE W.'LOMBARD Witnesses: I

WALTER E. L BARD,

NATHANC. 

